Endometriosis is a serious condition affecting nearly one in every ten women worldwide. This condition occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing severe pelvic pain and affecting fertility. One of the most concerning aspects of endometriosis is the lengthy time it takes for a woman to be diagnosed, which is globally averaged at 6 to 7 years. This chronic disease can make daily life extremely difficult for women, causing them to suffer in silence due to a lack of awareness.
Hormonal Impact and Heart Health
Endometriosis may increase a woman’s risk for heart disease in addition to impacting her reproductive health. The hypothalamus, part of the brain’s limbic system, produces Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which signals the anterior pituitary to release Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH). These hormones are crucial in communicating with the ovaries, which produce estrogen and progesterone. These hormones regulate menstruation, fertility, and play vital roles in protecting cardiovascular health.
Estrogen promotes healthy blood vessels by maintaining arterial elasticity, preventing plaque buildup, and maintaining favorable cholesterol levels. Progesterone balances estrogen’s effects, contributing to overall cardiovascular health. However, endometriosis disrupts the ovaries’ outer (cortex) and inner (medulla) parts, leading to hormone imbalances. This imbalance compromises the protective effects of these hormones, increasing the risk of heart disease.
*Increased Risk of Heart Disease*
A recent report published in CMAJ Open by Jessica Blom, a fourth-year resident with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Queen’s University, revealed a direct correlation between endometriosis and heart disease risk. The study used administrative health data from Ontario residents from 1993 to 2015, including 166,835 females with endometriosis and 333,706 females without endometriosis. The primary outcome showed hospitalization due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), including heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and other heart diseases.
Managing Endometriosis for Heart Health
Endometriosis is more common in women in their 30s and 40s and those who experience menopause at an older age. Practical tips for managing endometriosis and its cardiovascular risks include hormonal therapies, pain relief, and surgical options as guided by a doctor. Lifestyle changes such as a healthier diet, regular exercise, and stress management can also help manage the condition.
With early diagnosis and the right treatment, women with endometriosis can effectively manage their condition, reducing the risks of both fertility complications and cardiovascular diseases. Raising awareness and understanding the connection between endometriosis and heart health is crucial for improving the quality of life for women affected by this condition.
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