Bird Flu Outbreak in India: H5N1 Virus Detected in Domestic Cats, Raises Concerns

India is grappling with a sudden surge in H5N1 avian influenza cases, commonly known as bird flu, sparking concerns over its rapid spread and potential risks. For the first time, the virus has been detected in domestic cats, with Madhya Pradesh’s Chhindwara district identified as the epicenter of this outbreak.

Virus Transmission and Impact

Authorities confirmed that the affected cats were fed raw chicken and other poultry products, which were later found to be contaminated with the H5N1 virus. Following the detection of the virus in three cats and a bird, local authorities shut down a market for 21 days and culled over 700 chickens to prevent further spread. Fortunately, all 65 human samples collected from pet owners, veterinarians, and others in contact with the infected animals tested negative, according to the Union Health Ministry.

Understanding Bird Flu

Avian influenza is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects birds but can also spread to mammals, including humans. The H5N1 strain is particularly concerning due to its high mortality rate in birds and sporadic cases of human transmission. The virus spreads through direct contact with infected birds, their droppings, or contaminated surfaces.

Is It Safe to Eat Chicken and Eggs?

Amid the outbreak, concerns about the safety of consuming poultry products have risen. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), properly cooked chicken and eggs are safe for consumption. The H5N1 virus is sensitive to heat and is effectively destroyed at cooking temperatures above 70°C (165°F). Therefore, thoroughly cooked poultry and eggs pose no risk of infection.

Safety Tips for Cooking Poultry Products

• Ensure poultry products are cooked to an internal temperature of at least 70°C.
• Avoid consuming raw or undercooked poultry and eggs, such as poached eggs or chicken salami.
• Clean and disinfect surfaces, utensils, and hands thoroughly after handling raw poultry.
• Purchase poultry products from trusted and reliable sources.

Precautions to Stay Safe

Health authorities recommend the following measures to minimize the risk of infection:

• Avoid contact with sick or dead birds.
• Practice regular hand hygiene, especially after handling poultry products.
• Stay informed by following official health advisories and updates.

The outbreak underscores the importance of vigilance and adherence to safety measures to prevent the spread of avian influenza. While the situation is being closely monitored, public awareness and precautionary steps remain critical in mitigating risks.