In a divisive speech delivered at the Overseas Pakistanis Convention in Islamabad, Pakistan Army Chief General Asim Munir invoked the Two-Nation Theory while issuing a stern warning to Baloch insurgents. His rhetoric has drawn comparisons to the language used by General Yahya Khan during the 1971 East Pakistan crisis, which ultimately led to the creation of Bangladesh.
Munir emphasized Pakistan’s ideological foundation, stating, “Our religion, customs, traditions, thoughts, and ambitions are different—that’s where the foundation of the Two-Nation Theory was laid. We are two nations, not one.” He urged overseas Pakistanis to pass down this narrative to future generations.
The speech, which included threats against Baloch separatist groups, has reignited debates about Pakistan’s reliance on military solutions to address internal dissent. Critics argue that Munir’s approach mirrors the rigid insistence on unity and denial of dissent that characterized Yahya Khan’s leadership before the fall of Dhaka.
Balochistan, Pakistan’s largest province, has long been plagued by economic marginalization and political alienation. Activists have accused the state of human rights violations and enforced disappearances, allegations that Islamabad denies. Munir’s defiant tone comes amid rising insurgent activity and growing unrest in the region.
Observers warn that Pakistan may be repeating historical mistakes by prioritizing ideological narratives over meaningful dialogue and reform. The parallels to 1971 serve as a stark reminder of the consequences of ignoring internal fractures.
